Toluene Embryopathy

Toluene embryopathy: two new cases.

Toluene embryopathy is characterised by microcephaly, central nervous system dysfunction, attentional deficits and hyperactivity, developmental delay with greater language deficits, minor craniofacial and limb anomalies, and variable growth deficiency. Previously, three affected children, born to women who inhaled toluene regularly throughout pregnancy, have been reported. Two more cases are de...

Scientific News Contrasting Phenotypes of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Toluene Embryopathy and Maternal Phenylketonuria

Thalidomide Embryopathy: An Enigmatic Challenge

Thalidomide remains one of the world’s most notorious drugs due to the severe birth defects it induced in children between 1957 and 1962. Yet, to some this drug is a lifesaver, as it now enjoys renaissance in the treatment for a wide range of conditions including leprosy, multiple myeloma, Behcet’s disease, and some cancers. However, thalidomide has also been linked to causing a new generation ...

The status of diabetic embryopathy

Diabetic embryopathy is a theoretical enigma and a clinical challenge. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetic pregnancy carry a significant risk for fetal maldevelopment, and the precise reasons for the diabetes-induced teratogenicity are not clearly identified. The experimental work in this field has revealed a partial, however complex, answer to the teratological question, and we will review some of...

Challenges in Understanding Diabetic Embryopathy

Perhaps one of the most devastating diabetes complications is diabetic embryopathy, in which the offspring of a mother with diabetes predating pregnancy develops congenital malformations. These malformations can affect multiple organ systems, including the brain and spinal cord, the heart and major vessel, the kidneys, the gut, and skeletal structures (1,2) and result in preor postnatal mortali...